Question 1

Compare the ideas of phenotypic gradualism with those of punctuated equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

Phenotypic gradualism and punctuated equ...

Question 2

The evolution of the horse shows what evolutionary trend(s) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of structures always increases;therefore complexity always increases.
B)  Extinctions are often accompanied by the development of new species.
C)  Animals always evolve from gentle grazers toward more vicious omnivores and carnivores.
D)  Variations randomly drift from large to small,toward and away from grinding teeth,and to more or fewer toes,proving that evolution is indeed random.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Darwin's theory of natural selection to explain evolution is considered _____ because it _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  variational;involves descent with selection among varieties
B)  variational;explains the variations of fossils
C)  transformational;claims individuals can change their characteristics to produce evolution
D)  transformational;involves descent with selection among varietiesE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

When we compare amino acid differences to estimate the evolutionary "distance" between organisms,what assumptions are being made about the rate at which mutations occur over time?

Accepted Answer

When comparing amino acid differences to...

Question 5

Cutting off the legs of toads over several generations should cause the legs of their offspring to become shorter,according to the ideas of which of these scientists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Darwin
B)  Lamarck
C)  Mayr
D)  LyellE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following constitute post-mating barrier(s) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sperm does not penetrate the egg
B)  The chromosome numbers of sperm and egg do not match after fertilization
C)  The offspring are sterile
D)  An egg is fertilized but development is impaired
E)  All of the choices are post-mating barriersF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Lamarck's theory explaining evolution is considered ______ because it ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  variational;involves descent with selection among varieties
B)  variational;explains the variations of fossils
C)  transformational;claims individuals can change their characteristics to produce evolution
D)  transformational;involves descent with selection among varietiesE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Based on the text's coverage of the many factors in micro- and macroevolution,you can conclude that the rate of evolution progresses at

Accepted Answer

A)  a fairly constant rate and would produce the same outcome if "rerun."
B)  an uneven rate but would produce the same outcome if "rerun."
C)  a fairly constant rate but would produce different outcomes if "rerun."
D)  an uneven rate and would produce different outcomes if "rerun."E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

The main accomplishment of Modern Darwinism (The Synthetic Theory) was

Accepted Answer

A)  to select a new set of scientists to take up the evolution argument after the death of Darwin and Huxley.
B)  the frantic search for answers to the creationist challenge of the early 1900s.
C)  the application of new discoveries in genetics,classification,biogeography,paleontology,etc.to Darwin's basic tenets,and which tied these fields together in a new framework.
D)  to split Darwin's ideas into small details (microevolution) and larger concepts (macroevolution) .E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following is required for natural selection to occur in a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Variation in the population
B)  Inheritance of genetic variation
C)  Differential reproduction so that more fit individuals produce more offspring
D)  Accumulation of adaptive traits so that they increase in the population
E)  All of the choices are correctF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

The essential difference between vicariant speciation versus a founder event is that

Accepted Answer

A)  vicariance involves splitting while a founder effect is fusing of two populations.
B)  the founder effect is the reverse of vicariant speciation.
C)  although a population is split by a vicariant event,the population size and environment does not alter gene frequencies as does a founder event.
D)  although a population is split by a founder event,the population size and environment does not alter gene frequencies as does a vicariant event.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is a (are) true fossil(s) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The remains of an actual insect in amber or the tissue of a frozen extinct mammoth
B)  Skeletal parts where bones have been replaced by minerals
C)  Molds,casts,or impressions
D)  Fossilized excrements (coprolites) 
E)  All of the choices are technically fossilsF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

If Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is met,what is the net effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evolution leading to a population better adapted to an unchanging environment
B)  Evolution leading to a population better adapted to a changing environment
C)  Very slow and continuous evolution with no increased adaptation
D)  No evolution because the allele frequencies in the population remain the same from generation to generationE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

What is the most accurate comparison presented?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Galápagos Islands are relatively uniform while the mainland is highly diverse.
B)  The Galápagos Islands and the mainland are essentially identical habitats which makes it an excellent "controlled" experiment.
C)  The Galápagos Islands are relatively newly formed and also fragmented into diverse habitats.
D)  The Galápagos Islands were,until recently,connected by land bridges forming one unified habitat.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

A population of salamanders live along the edge of a north-south mountain range.The populations from the east and west slope eventually join in a low northern pass and interbreed,producing fertile offspring,but they do not circle around the southern edge because of a desert barrier.When glaciers move southward,the populations are pushed south of the northern pass and are isolated.While isolated,the two populations develop enough differences over time that when the glaciers retreat north and the salamanders again share the same pass,they no longer mate at the same time,nor can they produce fertile offspring.These salamanders

Accepted Answer

A)  began as one species and therefore remain one species.
B)  were originally two species and remain two species.
C)  were originally one species but are now two species.
D)  cannot be categorized as a specific number of species from the information given.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

The work of Peter Williamson on freshwater snails in Lake Turkana showed

Accepted Answer

A)  perfectly interconnected and gradual change in species due to the uniform environment over time.
B)  an abrupt radiation of species in all directions that can be used to support both gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.
C)  thick deposits of unchanged snails and brief periods of rapid change,supporting gradual adaptive radiation.
D)  thick deposits of unchanged snails and brief periods of rapid change,supporting the evolutionary model of punctuated equilibrium.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

On the Galápagos Islands,the tool-using woodpecker finches modify twigs to pry out grubs.With no true woodpeckers on the Galápagos Islands,this behavior allows it to exploit an untapped food source.However,not all members of this species exhibit this behavior which is learned from watching other finches.Therefore,

Accepted Answer

A)  hatchlings will not know how to do this.
B)  it is probably not "hardwired" in the brain as a behavior passed on genetically.
C)  there must be a great advantage to reaching this food source for this learned behavior to be repeated by most descendants of each generation.
D)  as an acquired characteristic,in a strict sense this may not be part of the adaptive radiation of finches on the Galápagos.
E)  all of the choices are correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

Speciation that results from evolution of reproductive barriers between geographically separated populations is called ___________ speciation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Speciation that results from evolution of reproductive...

Question 19

Sibling species are represented by

Accepted Answer

A)  two species that look very much alike but are actually distantly related.
B)  offspring that have the same parents but can no longer interbreed.
C)  the two halves of a population that have been split by a vicariant event but could still interbreed if sympatric.
D)  species that appear essentially identical in phenotype but have evolved differences in behavior or chemistry that prevent mating.
E)  a collection of specimens that are similar but have not yet undergone any test of interbreeding to determine if they are truly separate species.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the statements is true of the fossil record?

Accepted Answer

A)  All of the stratified layers will be found anywhere a core sample is taken,except for human destruction.
B)  Provided there is no uplifting,tilt,etc. ,the deeper the layer,the more recently it was laid down.
C)  Once fossils are formed in a sedimentary layer,they are then protected from temperature and heat.
D)  Fossil assemblages are important in identifying sedimentary layers and different layers have different assemblages of fossils.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 6: Organic Evolution

Compare the ideas of phenotypic gradualism with those of punctuated equilibrium.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Phenotypic gradualism and punctuated equ...
View Answer

When we compare amino acid differences to estimate the evolutionary "distance" between organisms,what assumptions are being made about the rate at which mutations occur over time?

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
When comparing amino acid differences to...
View Answer

The main accomplishment of Modern Darwinism (The Synthetic Theory) was

Correct Answer
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The essential difference between vicariant speciation versus a founder event is that

Correct Answer
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Lamarck's theory explaining evolution is considered because it .

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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If Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is met,what is the net effect?

Correct Answer
verified

Based on the text's coverage of the many factors in micro- and macroevolution,you can conclude that the rate of evolution progresses at

Correct Answer
verified

What is the most accurate comparison presented?

Correct Answer
verified

Cutting off the legs of toads over several generations should cause the legs of their offspring to become shorter,according to the ideas of which of these scientists?

Correct Answer
verified

Speciation that results from evolution of reproductive barriers between geographically separated populations is called ___________ speciation.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following constitute post-mating barrier(s) ?

Correct Answer
verified

The work of Peter Williamson on freshwater snails in Lake Turkana showed

Correct Answer
verified

Darwin's theory of natural selection to explain evolution is considered _ because it _.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the statements is true of the fossil record?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a (are) true fossil(s) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is required for natural selection to occur in a population?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The evolution of the horse shows what evolutionary trend(s) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Sibling species are represented by

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Organic Evolution

Compare the ideas of phenotypic gradualism with those of punctuated equilibrium.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIPhenotypic gradualism and punctuated equ...View AnswerShow Answer

When we compare amino acid differences to estimate the evolutionary "distance" between organisms,what assumptions are being made about the rate at which mutations occur over time?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIWhen comparing amino acid differences to...View AnswerShow Answer

The main accomplishment of Modern Darwinism (The Synthetic Theory) was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The essential difference between vicariant speciation versus a founder event is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lamarck's theory explaining evolution is considered ______ because it ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is met,what is the net effect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the text's coverage of the many factors in micro- and macroevolution,you can conclude that the rate of evolution progresses at

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most accurate comparison presented?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cutting off the legs of toads over several generations should cause the legs of their offspring to become shorter,according to the ideas of which of these scientists?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Speciation that results from evolution of reproductive barriers between geographically separated populations is called ___________ speciation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following constitute post-mating barrier(s) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The work of Peter Williamson on freshwater snails in Lake Turkana showed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin's theory of natural selection to explain evolution is considered _____ because it _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the statements is true of the fossil record?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a (are) true fossil(s) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is required for natural selection to occur in a population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The evolution of the horse shows what evolutionary trend(s) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sibling species are represented by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Phenotypic gradualism and punctuated equ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
When comparing amino acid differences to...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Lamarck's theory explaining evolution is considered because it .

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Darwin's theory of natural selection to explain evolution is considered _ because it _.

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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