Question 1

Which of the following does progesterone INHIBIT during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   the sensitivity of the myometrium to stimuli that promote contraction
B)   plugging of the uterus by thickened cervical mucus
C)   growth of the mammary glands
D)   secretion of estrogen
E)   regression of the corpus luteumF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

Amniocentesis is the removal of a sample of amniotic fluid for diagnosis of genetic or chromosomal disorders of the fetus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The female external genitalia are collectively called the vulva.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Within the ovary, there are always a large number of ovarian follicles poised to release an ovum at ovulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the placenta during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   human placental lactogen
B)   androgens
C)   estradiol
D)   progesterone
E)   inhibinF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Lactation normally does not occur during pregnancy because

Accepted Answer

A)   the breast ducts do not develop until after a baby is born.
B)   the high levels of estrogen and progesterone in maternal plasma inhibit prolactin effects on the breasts.
C)   maternal plasma levels of prolactin are low during pregnancy.
D)   high levels of androgens inhibit milk synthesis by the breasts.
E)   the low levels of circulating estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy inhibit milk synthesis by the breasts.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

Which is TRUE during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both estrogen and progesterone concentrations are kept low by negative feedback.
B)   Estrogen concentration remains low, while progesterone concentration rises to a peak.
C)   Progesterone concentration remains low, while estrogen concentration rises to a peak.
D)   Progesterone concentration in the plasma is high, but estrogen concentration rises even higher.
E)   Estrogen concentration in the plasma is high, but progesterone concentration rises even higher.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

The placenta is:

Accepted Answer

A)   formed solely from the outermost layers of the embryonic trophoblast, and serves as an exchange organ between mother and fetus.
B)   formed from interlocking fetal and maternal tissues, and allows the mother's blood to flow freely into the fetal circulation and back.
C)   formed solely from the endometrial layer of the uterus, and allows the mother's blood to flow freely into the fetal circulation and back.
D)   formed from interlocking fetal and maternal tissues, and serves as an exchange organ between mother and fetus.
E)   formed from maternal circulatory stem cells, and serves as an exchange organ between mother and fetus.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

The onset of puberty is triggered by an increase in:

Accepted Answer

A)   sensitivity of the gonads to pituitary gonadotropins.
B)   sensitivity of the pituitary to GnRH.
C)   GnRH secretion.
D)   sensitivity of the hypothalamus to negative feedback by sex steroids.
E)   sensitivity of the pituitary to negative feedback by sex steroids.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

One way in which gametogenesis in males differs from gametogenesis in females is that mitosis of primordial germ cells occurs in males only during fetal life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The acrosome reaction is triggered by:

Accepted Answer

A)   deposition of sperm into the female reproductive tract.
B)   capacitation of sperm.
C)   estrogen.
D)   binding of the heads of sperm to the zona pellucida.
E)   the first meiotic reduction division of the ovum.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following does NOT normally produce androgens?

Accepted Answer

A)   Leydig cells
B)   theca cells
C)   adrenal cortex cells
D)   Sertoli cellsE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

On day 14 of a typical 28 day menstrual cycle, LH concentration in the blood will be ________. The endometrium will be ________. Estrogen concentration in the blood is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   level; sloughing off; low
B)   at or near a peak; near the end of the proliferative phase; relatively high
C)   low but rising; in the secretory phase; high
D)   at or near a peak; in the secretory phase; low
E)   level; starting the proliferative phase; level but highF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

The secretory phase of the uterine cycle coincides with the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Infertility treatments most often involve the injection of aromatases, leading to enhanced numbers of developing early ovarian antral follicles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Menopause:

Accepted Answer

A)   is the cessation of menstrual cycles.
B)   results in high plasma levels of estrogens.
C)   occurs as a result of cessation of gonadotropin secretion.
D)   is the cessation of ovulation while a baby is nursing.
E)   is the pause in development of ovarian follicles occurring between the birth of a baby girl and when she reaches puberty.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

The only cells of the testis that can secrete hormones are the Leydig cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which is a function of LH?

Accepted Answer

A)   It stimulates androgen production by theca cells.
B)   It stimulates the growth of granulosa cells.
C)   It stimulates production of inhibin by theca cells.
D)   It stimulates estrogen production by theca cells.
E)   It inhibits GnRH secretion by the hypothalamus during ovulation.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of estrogen during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulation of myometrial growth
B)   maintenance of the endometrium
C)   stimulation of prolactin secretion
D)   stimulation of breast development
E)   stimulation of milk synthesisF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Beginning on the first day of the menstrual cycle, the order of phases in the uterus is:

Accepted Answer

A)   proliferative, secretory, menstrual.
B)   secretory, proliferative, menstrual.
C)   menstrual, secretory, proliferative.
D)   menstrual, proliferative, secretory.
E)   secretory, menstrual, proliferative.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 17: Reproduction

Menopause:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Within the ovary, there are always a large number of ovarian follicles poised to release an ovum at ovulation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beginning on the first day of the menstrual cycle, the order of phases in the uterus is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infertility treatments most often involve the injection of aromatases, leading to enhanced numbers of developing early ovarian antral follicles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The secretory phase of the uterine cycle coincides with the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The acrosome reaction is triggered by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a function of LH?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amniocentesis is the removal of a sample of amniotic fluid for diagnosis of genetic or chromosomal disorders of the fetus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lactation normally does not occur during pregnancy because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is TRUE during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does NOT normally produce androgens?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a function of estrogen during pregnancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The only cells of the testis that can secrete hormones are the Leydig cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On day 14 of a typical 28 day menstrual cycle, LH concentration in the blood will be ________. The endometrium will be ________. Estrogen concentration in the blood is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the placenta during pregnancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way in which gametogenesis in males differs from gametogenesis in females is that mitosis of primordial germ cells occurs in males only during fetal life.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does progesterone INHIBIT during pregnancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The placenta is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The female external genitalia are collectively called the vulva.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The onset of puberty is triggered by an increase in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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On day 14 of a typical 28 day menstrual cycle, LH concentration in the blood will be . The endometrium will be . Estrogen concentration in the blood is .

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